i) First segment: A deletion of this segment gives rise to hermaphrodite flowers on XY plants.

ii) Second segment: A deletion of this segment gives rise to female flowers on XY plants.

iii) Third segment: A deletion of this segment Produces male sterile plants with abortive anthers.

iv) Fourth segment: Homologous to a segment of an X chromosome.

v) Fifth segment of X chromosome: Development of female reproductive organs.

b)XY female XX male: Found in Fragraris.

c) XX female XY₁Y₂ male: Found in Rumex, Humulux. Reunion between male and female produces two types of zygotes of male and female respectively.

d) XX female XO male: Found in Dioscorea and vassisneria.