Course Content
Classification and components of building
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On the basis of load on the earth
Load bearing buildings ( Wall system )
Features of load bearing buildings:
Non-load bearing buildings ( Framed buildings )
Features of non-load bearing buildings
On the basis of shape, size and structure
Components of building
Foundation
Size of a foundation
Numerical example related to size of foundation
Safe bearing capacity of the soil
Classification of foundation
Shallow foundation
Isolated footing or pad foundation
Features of pad foundation
Combined footing
Classification of combined footing
Grid foundation
Mat foundation
Deep foundation
Pile foundation
Well foundation
Floor
Wall
Openings
Roof
Classification According to materials used for roofing
Centering and shuttering/ form work
Curing
Dampness
Plastering
Skirting
Structural materials
Composition of brick
Selection of brick
Composition of cement
Types of cement
Quality of cement
Selection and handling
Cement grade
Sand
Bulking of sand:
Water
Concrete
Steel reinforcement bars
Timber
Mortar
Numerical of farm structure and buildings
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Calculate the quantity of brick wall in 1:5 cement:sand mortar if the volume of wall is 10m3.
Calculate the quantity of materials to make slab of volume of 10’x5’x4”, PCC of 1:2:4 cement, sand and gravel mortar.
Calculate the quantity of materials required to make 10m3 rubble stone masonry in 1:4 cement:sand mortar.
Calculate the quantity of materials required to make 10m3 ashler stone masonry in 1:4 cement sand mortar.
Calculate the amount of materials required to make 10m long, 3m high and 0.4m thick brick masonry in 1:4 cement sand mortar.
Calculate the quantity of mortar to prepare a RCC concrete slab of 15x8x0.15m3 in 1:1 ½:3.
Calculate the amount of materials required to prepare 20 m long, 3m high and 0.6m thick rubble masonry in 1:4 cement sand mortar.
Calculate the quantity of materials required to plaster an area of 100m2 area using cement/sand 1:4 mixture having thickness of 12.5mm.
Calculate the amount of materials required to plaster 15m long, 4m high walls inside and outside having thickness of 20mm.
Dairy House
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Planning for the Dairy cattle house
Functional requirements of dairy cattle house
Types of dairy housing
Stanchion/barn/confined /stall
Advantages of head to head
Advantages of tail to tail
Loose house barn
Construction details of dairy cattle house
Ansillary structures for dairy cattle house
Feed storage structure
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Farm silo
Types of silo:
Pit silo
Filling and packing:
Numerical for Feed storage Structure
0/2
Work out the measured dimension of pit silo for a small herd of 50 cows weighing 400kg body weight. Make the rationale consumption.
Design a trench silo for a small herd farm having the following herd. The silo is fed 140 days in a year. Depth of a silo is 3m ,length of silage fed per day=12cm.side slope of silo=45%
Estimation and costing
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Estimation and costing
Estimation
Approximate method
Plinth area estimation
Volume estimation/ cubic meter method
Detailed Estimation method
Numerical for estimation and costing
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Estimate the following quantities on the basis of given drawings
Find out quantities of earthwork cement, concrete and brick work in foundation, plinth and wall of given room shown in fig. tabulate the measurements and estimate the quantities for each component. Prepare the summary of quantities of different types of construction materials required. The brick work is laid in cement mortar 1:4 and foundation footing is of cement concrete 1:2:4.
Estimate the following quantities of materials on the basis of given drawing: For detail estimation, the following quantities of the work from the given joints should be determined.
Procedure for preparation of detailed estimation and costing of agriculture structural building
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Analysis of estimation:
Analysis of cost procedure
Analysis rates or cost
FARMSTEAD
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Introduction
Selection and location of the farmstead
How to select a farmstead?
Avoiding aspects in the farmstead selection/ Precautions
Types of farmstead
Ventilation and Thermal Insulation
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Ventilation
Objective
Natural Ventilation
Artificial ventilation
Thermal insulation
Functions of thermal insulation
Types of thermal insulation
Thermal conductivity (K)
Thermal resistance (R)
Numerical for ventilation and thermal insulation
0/2
The wall of clay house 10 x 7 x 3 m is made of 20 cm thick brick plaster with 3cm mud from inside and outside. The inside temperature has to be maintained at 24 0C. Calculate the heat which needs to be pumped out off, if on the hottest day the ambient temperature is 37 0C.
Compare the heat load in two flat roofed dairy cattle houses of the same dimension 12 x 6 x 3m. where the outside temperature is 300C and required inside temperature is 24 0C.
Planning , Layout and functional requirements of diary house
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Planning for the Dairy cattle house
Functional requirements of dairy cattle house
Types of dairy housing
Stanchion/barn/confined /stall
Face to face/Head to head
Tail to tail system
Advantages of head to head
Advantages of tail to tail
Loose house barn
Construction details of dairy cattle house
Numerical on surveying
0/14
A surveyor measured distance between two points on the plan drawn to a scale of 1cm=40m and the result was 468m. Later he discovered that he used scale of 1cm=20m.Find the correct distance.
A surveyor measured distance between two points on a plan drawn to a scale of 1cm=30m and the result was 728m. Later she discovered that she used a scale 1cm=20m, find the correct distance. (Ans: 1092m)
A rectangular plot of land measures 20cm X 30cm on a village map drawn to a scale of 1cm=100m.Calculate its area in hectare if the plot is re-drawn on a toposheet to a scale of 1cm=1km.What will be its area on toposheet? Also determine the R.F of scale of village map and the toposheet.
The area of the plan of an old survey plotted to a scale of 1cm=10m measures now as 100.2cm2 as found by a planimeter. The plane is found to have shrunk so that a line originally 10cm long now measures only 9.7cm, find shrunk scale and true area of the survey.
The distance between two points is measured with a 20m chain was recorded 327m.It was afterward found that the chain was 3cm too long. What was the true distance between the points?
The distance between two stations was 1200m when measured with 20m chain. The same distance was measured with 30m chain and found to be 1195m.If the 20m chain was 0.05m too long, what was the error in 30m chain?
A line was measured by a chain which was accurate before starting the day’s work. After chaining 900m, the chain was found to be 6cm too long. After chaining the total distance of 1575m the chain was found to be 14cm too long. Find the distance of the land.
A 20m steel tape was standard on flat ground at the temperature of 20oC and under a pull of 15kg. The tape was used in catenary at the temperature of 30oC and under a pull of Pkg. The cross-sectional area of the tape is 0.02m2 ant its total weight is 400gm.The Young’s Modulus and coefficient of linear expansion of the steel are 2.1X106 kg/cm2 and 11X10-6/oC respectively. Find the correct horizontal distance if P=10kg.
Following were taken in chain line
Following are fore bearing and back bearing of line observed in an open traverse ABCDE. Locate the position of local attraction (LA).
Following are FB and BB of a line observed in an open traverse ABCDE along a river of paklihawa campus close to the agronomy farm, locate the position of suspected LA.
Following are bearing observed while traversing with prismatic compass, an area with LA suspected. Find the correct bearing of the lines.
A survey line BAC crosses a river A, C being on the near and opposite banks respectively. A perpendicular AD 40m long is set out at A. the bearing of AD and DC are 48o 30’ and 288o 30’ respectively. Draw the sketch and find the bearing of the line BAC and also the chain as of C when that of A is 207.8 m.
The following consequences reading were taken with a dumpy level reading 0.565, 0.854, 0.940, 1.005, 0.640, 0.660, 0.786, 0.800, 0.635, 1.135 and 1.420. The level was shifted after the 4th and 7th reading. The benchmark is 100m, calculate the reduced level (RL) of the change points (CP) and different level between 1st and last points.
Survey
0/3
Introduction
Objective of Surveying:
Some terminologies
Classification of Surveying
0/12
A. Primary division
Based on Nature of field
Based on Object or purpose
Based on Instrument Use
Uses of surveying
Principles of Surveying:
Classification of Scale:
Error due to the use of Wrong Scale
Numericals
Graphical map and shrunk scale:
Chain Survey (very old method)
Methods of Linear measurement
Chains
0/8
Introduction
Types of chain
Advantages of Chain survey
Disadvantages of Chain survey:
Types of Tape:
Testing Chain:
Degree of Accuracy in chaining
Adjustment of chain
Chain and Tape Correction
0/11
Chain Correction
Temperature Correction
Pull Correction:
Slope Correction
Sag Correction
Normal tension:
Ranging
Types of ranging
Adjustment of Chain
Degree of Accuracy in Chaining
Leader and follower
Method of Chaining
0/4
Chaining on Level ground
Chaining on sloping ground
Direct Method of Chain Surveying
Indirect Method of Chain Surveying
Obstacles of Chaining
0/6
When Chaining is free but vision is obstructed
When Chaining is obstructed and vision free
When Chaining and vision both obstructed
Chain Traingulation
Check line or proof line
Compass Survey
Principle of Compass Surveying
0/5
Introduction
Types of Compass:
Whole circle bearing Compass ( WCB )
Quadrant Bearing (QB)
Reduced Bearing (RB)
Traversing
0/6
Introduction
Types of transversing
Direction of survey line
Types of traversing ( Based on Instrument Used )
Fore bearing and Back bearing
Local Attraction ( LA )
Levelling
0/9
Introduction
Objectives of leveling
Terminologies
Levelling
Elimination of Parallax
Methods of calculation of Reduced level
Precaution while doing Height of Instrument (HI) Method
Countering
Uses of Topographic mapping
Contour Interval
0/6
Introduction
Horizontal Equivalent (HE)
Factors affecting the contour Interval
Objective
Use of Contour mapping
Characteristics of Contour
Learn farm structures and surveying with Braimy- B.Sc Agriculture
About Lesson

On the basis of load on the earth, buildings are of two types

1. Load-bearing buildings ( Wall system )

Load Bearing Structure and Components vs. Framed Structural System - The Constructor

2. Non-load-bearing buildings ( Framed buildings )

What is a Framed Structure?

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